Abused Men: Intimate Partner Violence in Anglo-American Literature

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31098/hsc.v2i2.3246

Keywords:

Abused Men, Anglo-American, William Faulkner, Geoffrey Chaucer, Edgar Allan Poe

Abstract

Abuse is fair to no one—not even men. While the literature often highlights abuse against women, this study focused on abused men and the feminist defense in William Faulkner’s “A Rose for Emily”, Geoffrey Chaucer’s “The Wife of Bath’s Prologue”, and Edgar Allan Poe’s selected poems. Specifically, this addresses the types of abuse the male characters receive from their female counterparts, the impacts of the abuse on the male victims in the story, and how women justified such abuse. Using content and discourse analysis, characters, themes, and textual evidence (narrative structure, character interactions, and language) in the mentioned literary works were analyzed from the perspectives of masculinity studies and critical feminist theory. Key findings indicated that male characters experienced physical, emotional, psychological, sexual, and economic torture, which caused them to develop psychological trauma and even led to their death. Although these supported the narrative that women were equally capable of abusing men, the feminist point of view framed their actions as self-defense and coping mechanisms for personal trauma. This research contributes to a more critical understanding of gender-based violence and challenges the limitations of legal frameworks that often overlook male victimhood. Further, this can help craft inclusive and effective programs and support services catering to marginalized male victims. This method is also useful for literary scholars interested in gender-based abuse in literature and increases students’ awareness of gender roles—encouraging them to develop impartial views on intimate partner violence (IPV) scenarios.

References

Al-Abdulrazaq, M., Jezawi, H., Alzoubi, M. F. I., & Rababah, M. (2024). Unveiling gender dynamics: A feminist voice in Chaucer’s The Wife of Bath’s Prologue and Tale. Journal of Literary Studies, 40, 19. https://doi.org/10.25159/1753-5387/15288

Ali, F. (2023). A critical discourse analysis of some texts selected from Hemingway’s The Old Man and the Sea. Journal of the College of Basic Education, 29, 30–44. https://doi.org/10.35950/cbej.v29i119.10570

Alsahafi, M. (2020). A narrative discourse analysis of Poe's short story “The Tell-Tale Heart”: Implications for language teaching. English Language Teaching, 13(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v13n1p1

Alshiban, A. S. (2018). Animal cruelty and intimate partner homicide in Edgar Allan Poe's "The Black Cat." Journal of King Abdulaziz University: Arts and Humanities, 27(2), 191-206. https://doi.org/10.4197/Art.27-2.7

Belda-Medina, J. (2005). The discourse of gender violence in Middle English literature: A socio-linguistics analysis of Chaucer's Canterbury Tales. Paper presented at the conference Re-interpretations of English: Essays on language, linguistics and philology, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela.

Better Evaluation. (2018). Our work. https://www.betterevaluation.org/methods-approaches/methods/framework-matrices

Bingham, A. J. (2023). From data management to actionable findings: A five-phase process of qualitative data analysis. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 22. https://doi.org/10.1177/16094069231183620

Brownmiller, S. (1986). Femininity. Paladin.

Cestre, C., Mabbott, T. O., & Barzun, J. (2019). Edgar Allan Poe | Biography & facts. In Encyclopædia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com

Cook, P. (2009). Abused men: The hidden side of domestic violence. https://doi.org/10.5040/9798216188391

Dahl, U., Kennedy-Macfoy, M., Sundén, J., Gálvez-Muñoz, L., Martínez-Jiménez, L., Gopinath, G., Hemmings, C., & Tate, S.-A. (2018). Femininity revisited – A round table. European Journal of Women’s Studies, 25(3), 384-393. https://doi.org/10.1177/1350506818774744

Dim, E. E., & Lysova, A. (2021). Male victims’ experiences with and perceptions of the criminal justice response to intimate partner abuse. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 37(15–16). https://doi.org/10.1177/08862605211001476

Fatimah, S., Sili, S., & Asanti, C. (2019). The masculinity and femininity traits of female character in Roth’s Insurgentnovel. Ilmu Budaya: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, Seni, dan Budaya, 3(4), 404–412.

Garrett, R. (2023). Home is where the hate is: Gender, race, class and the domestic abuse plotline in fiction and on screen. Feminist Media Studies, 23(8), 4170–4186. https://doi.org/10.1080/14680777.2022.2155861

Gorsky, S. R. (1992). Femininity to feminism: Women and literature in the nineteenth century. Twayne Publishers.

Harris, C. M. (2021). “Felawe masculinity”: Teaching rape culture in Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales. In Obscene pedagogies: Transgressive talk and sexual education in late medieval Britain (Chap. 2). Cornell University Press. https://doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501755293.003.0002

He, X., & Tang, L. (2016). A comparative analysis of violence in A Rose for Emily and Lord of the Flies. Studies in Literature and Language, 12(3), 17–20. https://doi.org/10.3968/8188

Hoskin, R. A., & Blair, K. L. (2021). Critical femininities: A ‘new’ approach to gender theory. Psychology & Sexuality, 13(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1080/19419899.2021.1905052

Isely, P. J. (1996). In their own voices: A qualitative study of men sexually abused as children by Catholic clergy [Unpublished doctoral dissertation]. Boston University.

Jones, A. (2020). Inscribing femininity: French theories of the feminine. In Routledge handbook of gender and feminism (Chap. 4). https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003071044-4

Kelseyreviewsstuff. (2020). A girl’s review of books and movies: Abuse of women within The Canterbury Tales. https://kelseyreviewsstuff.com

Lumiansky, R. M. (2018). Geoffrey Chaucer. Encyclopaedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Geoffrey-Chaucer

Love Is Respect. (2020). Types of abuse. https://www.loveisrespect.org/resources/types-of-abuse/

McCaslin, B. (2024). Sexual empowerment: Resources and tensions in a feminist sexual script [Doctoral dissertation, University of Notre Dame].

Medzani, J. M. (2019). Intimate partner abuse and male identity: Experiences and perspectives of abused men in Zimbabwe [Doctoral dissertation, University of Pretoria].

Millgate, M. (1971). William Faulkner | Biography & works. https://www.britannica.com/biography/William-Faulkner

Murray, J. (2019). Violence and the gendered shaming of female bodies and women’s sexuality: A feminist literary analysis of selected fiction by South African women writers. Current Writing: Text and Reception in Southern Africa, 31(1), 2–10. https://doi.org/10.1080/1013929X.2018.1547013

National Domestic Violence Hotline. (2023). What is emotional abuse. https://www.thehotline.org

Neshunzhi, N. D. P., Ramathuba, D. U. P., Nemathaga, L. H. P., & Tshililo, A. R. P. (2023). A rare phenomenon: Experiences of abused men by partners in Vhembe District, Limpopo Province, South Africa. Gender & Behavior, 21(2), 21673–21681.

Othilla, K. M., Abednego, S. M., Prudence, M., & Reckson, M. M. (2021). “It is shameful”: Experiences of physically abused men by their female partners in a rural community of South Africa. Gender & Behavior, 19(2), 17927–17930.

Shehabat, A. K., Khair, B. B., & Al-Shara, Z. (2022). Revisiting domestic violence in Poe's “The Black Cat”: The narrator between psychological struggle and egoistic masculinity. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 12(2), 140–146. https://doi.org/10.17507/tpls.1202.18

Straus, B. R. (1988). The subversive discourse of the Wife of Bath: Phallocentric discourse and the imprisonment of criticism. ELH: English Literary History, 55(3), 527. https://doi.org/10.2307/2873182

Swetlitz, N., Hinton, L., Rivera, M., Liu, M., Fernandez, A. C., & Garcia, M. E. (2024). Barriers and facilitators to depression care among Latino men in a primary care setting: A qualitative study. BMC Primary Care, 25, 30. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12875-024-02275-x

Washington State Department of Social and Health Services (DSHS). (2024). Types and signs of abuse. https://manuals.dshs.wa.gov/altsa/home-and-community-services/types-and-signs-abuse

Yaeger, D. A. (2020). Directions for the study of masculinity: Beyond toxicity, experience, and alienation. British Journal of American Legal Studies, 9(1), 81–113. https://doi.org/10.2478/bjals-2020-0005

Zhang, Yan & Wildemuth, Barbara M. (2005). Qualitative Analysis of Content by. Human Brain Mapping, 30(7), 2197–2206.

Downloads

Published

May 31, 2025

Citation Check

Article Index