Humanities, Society, and Community

Relationship Between Job Satisfaction and Employee Retention: Evidence from an Information Technology Company in the Philippines

Alvin Francis Rommel M Molina — 2025-05-31

Job satisfaction is critical to employee retention, particularly in the information technology (IT) industry. This study examines the relationship between job satisfaction and employee retention in an IT company in the Philippines. Using a descriptive-correlational research design, data were gathered from 99 IT professionals from an IT company using a convenience sampling technique. An adapted questionnaire formatted in Google Forms was used and distributed through email and Messenger to the respondents from January 29 to 31, 2025. Using Jamovi statistical software, data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, weighted mean, and Pearson’s correlation analysis. Findings revealed that employees are generally satisfied with working with an IT company, contributing to their retention. The findings further revealed that compensation, career advancement opportunities, and supervisory support had the strongest correlations with employee retention, confirming that financial stability, growth prospects, and effective leadership play critical roles in workforce sustainability. Although workplace relationships and job content contributed positively to job satisfaction, their impact on retention was relatively weaker, indicating that either social bonds or the nature of work may not entirely prevent employee turnover. The proposed strategies by the researchers are suggested as a guide to further improve job satisfaction and employee retention in the subject IT company. This study can be a reference for IT companies and other organizations with highly skilled workforces that prioritize employee satisfaction and adopt holistic retention strategies that include financial and career advancement possibilities

Abused Men: Intimate Partner Violence in Anglo-American Literature

John Johnathan N Normandia — 2025-05-31

Abuse is fair to no one—not even men. While the literature often highlights abuse against women, this study focused on abused men and the feminist defense in William Faulkner’s “A Rose for Emily”, Geoffrey Chaucer’s “The Wife of Bath’s Prologue”, and Edgar Allan Poe’s selected poems. Specifically, this addresses the types of abuse the male characters receive from their female counterparts, the impacts of the abuse on the male victims in the story, and how women justified such abuse. Using content and discourse analysis, characters, themes, and textual evidence (narrative structure, character interactions, and language) in the mentioned literary works were analyzed from the perspectives of masculinity studies and critical feminist theory. Key findings indicated that male characters experienced physical, emotional, psychological, sexual, and economic torture, which caused them to develop psychological trauma and even led to their death. Although these supported the narrative that women were equally capable of abusing men, the feminist point of view framed their actions as self-defense and coping mechanisms for personal trauma. This research contributes to a more critical understanding of gender-based violence and challenges the limitations of legal frameworks that often overlook male victimhood. Further, this can help craft inclusive and effective programs and support services catering to marginalized male victims. This method is also useful for literary scholars interested in gender-based abuse in literature and increases students’ awareness of gender roles—encouraging them to develop impartial views on intimate partner violence (IPV) scenarios.

The Moderating Effect of Resilience on Corporal Punishment Attitudes and Post-Traumatic Growth

Lanz Daenielle T Cordero — 2025-05-31

Although many studies have investigated the relationship between experiences of Corporal Punishment (CP) and Post-Traumatic Growth (PTG), the connection between CP attitudes and PTG remains underexplored. Thus, this study aimed to determine the relationship between CP attitudes, specifically CP Myth Acceptance and PTG, while also investigating the moderating role of resilience among Filipino young adults. Using purposive sampling, data were collected in December 2024 from 153 respondents (ages 18-26) who experienced CP between the ages of 2 and 14 years, employing a descriptive-correlational design with moderation analysis. Results showed that respondents exhibited moderate levels of CP myth acceptance, indicating neutral beliefs about the harmlessness and necessity of CP. Similarly, moderate levels of PTG were observed, suggesting some degree of positive psychological growth following adverse experiences. Finally, the respondents’ resilience levels ranged from low to normal. Notably, the study found no significant relationship between CP Myth Acceptance and PTG (r = .085; p = .297), and resilience did not moderate this relationship (p = .983). These findings reveal the complexity of these constructs—suggesting that cognitive frameworks, such as CP attitudes, are not good predictors of PTG while emphasizing the distinction between resilience as a protective factor and PTG as a growth-facilitating factor. An action plan was proposed, including educational webinars to challenge CP myths and workshops to promote PTG and resilience-building programs. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of the connections between the target constructs, offering insights into interventions for enhancing emotional well-being and trauma recovery among Filipino young adult victims of corporal punishment.

Culture, Health care Services, Location, and Maternal Mortality in the Southern Senatorial Zone of Taraba State, Nigeria

Andeskebtso Yohanna Adaki — 2025-05-31

Maternal mortality is a persistent global health concern, and the Southern Senatorial Zone of Taraba State in Nigeria is no exception to this challenge. This study examined the determinants of maternal mortality in the Southern Senatorial District of Taraba State, Nigeria. It utilized a questionnaire-based approach involving a sample of 1218 women of childbearing age, by focusing on three primary factors: quality of healthcare services, cultural influences, and geographical location. The findings of the study revealed significant relationships between cultural factors, quality of healthcare services, and maternal mortality in Southern Senatorial District of Taraba State. Cultural factors were found as the most influential predictor of mortality, with a coefficient of 0.312 (p < 0.001), indicating a positive relationship between cultural influences and maternal mortality rates. Quality of healthcare services also showed a substantial impact, with a coefficient of -0.0123 (p < 0.001), suggesting that higher-quality healthcare services are associated with lower maternal mortality rates. Lastly, location showed a weaker but still significant influence on mortality in the study area, with a coefficient of 0.262 (p < 0.001). This highlights the importance of geographical factors in maternal health outcomes. Based on the findings, the study recommended an array of interventions, encompassing improvements in healthcare infrastructure, mitigation of socioeconomic drivers, enhancement of educational opportunities, empowerment of women, and the implementation of culturally sensitive approaches to reduce maternal mortality within the study area).

Preservation, Utilization, and Promotion of Philippine Traditional Games of the Bachelor in Physical and Health Education Pre-Service Teachers

Janette C Magalona — 2025-05-31

The continuous advancement and the use of technology of the present generation encourage the researcher to assess the preservation, utilization, and promotion of Philippine Traditional Games of the Bachelor in Physical and Health Education pre service teachers of PNU Visayas, Philippines. A total of 110 respondents who were enrolled for Term 1 AY year 2024-2025 answered via google form. Findings revealed that BPHE pre-service teachers have Very High level of preservation in terms of organization, relevance and accessibility of games in the curriculum. For the utilization of traditional games when grouped as to game execution and cultural celebrations are very high. For competition and tournaments its high. A very high level of promotion when grouped as to inclusion to the curriculum, students’ engagement, and cultural competency training. While high for material and resources, and partnerships with communities. Significant correlations highlighted the interdependence between preservation, utilization, and promotion. A Proposed plan encompasses workshops, quality assurance mechanisms, technology integration, curriculum development, event planning, community engagement, resource allocation, and teacher training. The budget considerations underscore the need for diverse funding sources. Recommendations to higher institutions, local communities, indigenous populations, researchers, and future researchers, emphasize active student participation, ongoing teacher training, and collaborative community engagement. The proposed plan and recommendations aim to contribute to the cultural preservation, utilization, and promotion of Philippine traditional games, fostering a more inclusive educational environment.

The Impact of Family Status on the Enforcement of Gratification Laws in Indonesia

Sariat Arifia — 2025-05-31

This research examined the influence of family status on enforcing anti-gratification laws in Indonesia. This study aimed to identify how familial relationships affect legal processes, identify legal loopholes, and offer recommendations to enhance anti-gratification enforcement. The research analyzed recent cases involving high-ranking officials using a normative and descriptive-analytical approach. This study focused on the legal significance of family information recorded on the official Family Card (Kartu Keluarga) and its impact on case identification and prosecution. Findings revealed that family status played a significant role in tracking asset flows and establishing links between public officials and gratification sources. However, ambiguities in the legal definition of "family" often created loopholes that obstructed consistent legal action. The study also found that social media had become an unintentional yet powerful channel for exposing gratification cases, particularly through content shared by family members. While such public disclosures prompted official investigations, they also raised concerns about objectivity and legal consistency. The research concluded that comprehensive legal reform is essential to clarify familial definitions, close enforcement gaps, and ensure that digital disclosures are handled fairly. These findings strengthen Indonesia's legal framework for combating corruption-related gratification practices.