International Journal of Management, Entrepreneurship, Social Science and Humanities

Entrepreneurial Tendencies and Intentions of Students in a Rural-based Technical and Vocational Education and Training College

Moji D. Mathosa — 2024-06-07

In an environment with unprecedented unemployment levels, entrepreneurship is promoted as an approach that has a potentially positive effect on the economy through innovation and employment creation. The objective of the current study was to determine entrepreneurial interest and intention among college students. This study examined the entrepreneurial tendencies of students registered for an entrepreneurship module in a college. The study was quantitative and used Caird’s General Enterprising Tendencies Questionnaire to collect information from students registered at the local college. The theory of planned behavior was utilized to explore whether, if the students have an interest in business, they are also inclined to act on that desire to participate in business undertakings. The results suggested that the students in the study possessed the tendency to be entrepreneurial and were keen to start businesses at some point in their lives. Yet, they mostly do not intend to start business ventures for several reasons, including fear of failure. The study contributes to the knowledge that underprivileged still contributes to a lack of entrepreneurial inclination, and support is paramount in nurturing that entrepreneurial interest. The study recommends that the college’s entrepreneurship education emphasizes information about reasonable small business prospects in the area; provide relevant information such as funding or registration, for the encouragement and advancement of especially youth-owned businesses; and host dialogues that should be delivered by young successful small business owners or managers.

Dancing with Change: A Conceptual Analysis of How Family Businesses Embrace Product Development Management

Nyayu Lathifah Tirdasari — 2024-06-24

Understanding product development management is crucial, particularly within the context of family businesses, which are renowned for their resistance to change. Family firms demonstrate a paradox in innovation: while inclined toward calculated risk-taking, they often invest less in R&D compared with non-family businesses. This article explores the evolving landscape of product development management literature related to family businesses. It achieves this by meticulously examining pertinent scholarly works. Conducting a systematic review focused on family businesses’ product development management practices. This article poses the following fundamental question: What prior research has delved into the intersection of family businesses and product development management? The authors adopted the updated Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) reporting guidelines to ensure transparency and completeness in their systematic literature review. The research process hinges on accessing academic databases housing peer-reviewed journals, which initially yielded 955 articles. Through a series of discerning study selection phases, this number was pruned down to 68 articles eligible for further assessment. Ultimately, this study incorporates insights from 22 articles. Within the domain of product development management, the responsibility is typically divided among three key parties: marketing, design, and manufacturing. Notably, the findings underscore a predominant emphasis on the marketing perspective in the existing literature. Consequently, this article calls for future research endeavors to delve into the roles of design and manufacturing in the context of family business and product development management.

Impact of Economic Growth on Unemployment in South Africa: A Time-Series Data Analysis

Nomusa Yolada Nkomo — 2024-06-30

Debates over the relationship between economic growth and unemployment are crucial for monetary policymaking. Unemployment is a major challenge in developing countries. The country's high unemployment rate reflects the poor use of labor resources. Hence, unemployment is a huge economic issue that has a negative influence on individuals and society at large. This nexus has also been associated with drug addiction and criminal activity in numerous countries, including South Africa. Given the importance of this topic, the macroeconomic literature contains several theories and models that examine the connection between economic growth and unemployment. For proper formulation and implementation of effective monetary policy, the relationship between these macroeconomic variables is critical. Using quarterly time series data for South Africa from 2002 to 2020, this study examines the impact of economic growth on unemployment. DOLS assumptions were used to investigate the impact of the two variables; the end results show that there is a negative relationship between economic growth and unemployment, which is consistent with previous studies that follow the hypothesis that unemployment is negatively impacted by economic growth. These findings will assist policymakers in developing strategies to regulate unemployment and promote long-term growth within countries.

Gamification in Education: Enhancing Leadership Skills among Entrepreneurship Students

Hendarsyah Aditya Saptari — 2024-06-24

In the rapidly changing world of entrepreneurship, where innovation and adaptability are paramount, traditional paradigms of education increasingly fail to equip students with the necessary leadership skills to navigate and succeed in complex business environments. This paper examines the impact of gamification on enhancing leadership skills among entrepreneurship students by employing a systematic literature review to sift through 5612 articles, ultimately focusing on 78 that met stringent criteria for relevance and quality. The methodology highlighted an extensive analysis across various educational and professional settings, illustrating gamification's effectiveness in boosting engagement, motivation, learning outcomes, and the acquisition of leadership competencies. Studies within the scope from 2019 to 2024 demonstrated gamification’s role in transcending traditional educational methods, thereby enriching the learning experience and preparing students for practical leadership challenges in entrepreneurship. The findings suggest that gamification not only enhances educational engagement and outcomes but also plays a crucial role in skill development, particularly those pertinent to leadership in an entrepreneurial context. Themes such as user experience, social and behavioral change, technology integration, and contextual adaptation have emerged as critical to the success of gamified learning approaches. By linking theoretical knowledge with practical application, gamification presents a promising avenue for developing the next generation of entrepreneurial leaders. This study significantly contributes to the theoretical framework on educational gamification by empirically demonstrating how ramified elements can effectively bridge the gap between theoretical leadership concepts and their practical application in real-world entrepreneurial scenarios, thereby providing a robust foundation for future research and practice in educational design and leadership development.

A Descriptive-Correlational Analysis of Financial Controls and Practices: A Case of Iglesia Filipina Independiente in The Diocese of Laoag

Glydel D. Arcena — 2024-06-24

Religious organizations, practical churches, are considered to be one of the oldest organizations with a significant role in society. However, research on financial controls and practices of churches has been generally underexplored, and local studies are limited because church financial aspects are controversial in the country. This understanding calls for research that would describe the controls and practices of a religion called Iglesia Filipina Independiente. The outcome of such research would provide information to help assess their existing controls and practices and to help make informed decisions regarding improvement and changes. Therefore, this study described the financial controls and practices of the church. Thirty-two members of the finance committee among the churches in the Diocese of Laoag were the respondents. The survey was self-administered using a survey questionnaire, and the study used a descriptive correlational design. The collected data were analyzed using Pearson correlation analysis. The results showed that there is a very high level of implementation of financial controls and financial practices of the Church since the direction of the relationship is positively correlated. However, the findings suggested that there is also a need to improve financial controls under some components of financial statements, receipts, and disbursement that are often observed.This study was conducted not to question the faith but to contribute to the existing body of knowledge and serve as a reference for future researchers.

Analytic Hierarchy Process in Asset Management Decisions for Public Service Agency Vocational Education

Bambang Setiawan — 2024-06-30

The Ministry of Transportation’s Vocational Education Public Service Agency (BLU) has been underperforming in asset optimization, indicating inefficiencies in its asset management plan. This study critically examines existing asset management strategies and leadership effectiveness within the Ministry’s vocational education sector. Employing a phenomenological research approach, this investigation prioritizes a deep dove into asset management practices through semi-structured interviews and literature reviews. The findings highlight significant shortcomings in the BLU’s asset management and leadership, particularly in failing to meet its asset performance targets. These inadequacies are evaluated using ISO 55000 standards alongside human resources data, assessing five key areas: procurement and supply chain integration, innovative leadership, effective organizational structure, dynamic organizational culture, and human resource development. Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) analysis was used to prioritize issues under the Human Resources and Organization criteria. It identified asset management leadership as the most critical focus, with a weight of 0.40. This was followed by organizational culture at 0.23, competency management at 0.17, and both procurement and supply chain management and organizational structure at 0.10. The development of business units was highlighted as a priority over other strategies such as asset utilization and management collaboration. The regulatory framework guiding these strategies includes Minister of Finance Regulation 202/PMK.05/2022, which outlines four strategic asset utilization options. The analysis was proven to be consistent, with all priority weight matrices showing consistency ratios (CR) below 0.1, ensuring the reliability of the findings.