International Journal of Management, Entrepreneurship, Social Science and Humanities

Developing a Sustainable Integration Model for Sectoral State-Owned Holdings: A Conceptual Framework

Raden Gerald Setiawan Grisanto, Sudarso Kaderi Wiryono, Yos Sunitiyoso — Fri, 20 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0700

This paper develops a comprehensive conceptual framework aimed at integrating and synergizing Sectoral State-Owned Holdings (SOHs) to significantly enhance their competitiveness and sustainability. The framework is designed to fill critical gaps in the existing literature by addressing key areas, such as value creation, innovation, and strategic alignment, which are essential for the long-term success of SOHs. One of the primary contributions of this framework is its emphasis on the incorporation of non-economic factors, such as customer satisfaction, community engagement, and environmental stewardship, which are increasingly recognized as vital components of sustainable business practices. The framework also delves into the nuanced impact of government intervention on the performance and strategic orientation of SOHs, exploring how state policies and regulations can either enable or hinder their growth and competitive positioning. By providing a structured approach, this framework enables SOHs to leverage their unique resources and capabilities more effectively, ensuring that they achieve sustainable competitive advantages. Furthermore, the framework underscores the importance of aligning SOH strategies with national economic and social objectives, thereby positioning these entities not only as key drivers of economic growth but also as contributors to broader societal well-being. Ultimately, this paper offers a valuable tool for policymakers, managers, and researchers interested in optimizing the performance and strategic impact of SOHs in a dynamic global economy.

Factors Shaping Student Debt Attitudes and Behaviours: A Systematic Review and a Pilot Qualitative Study at an Indonesian Multicultural University

Ashri Rahadi, Deddy Priatmodjo Koesrindartoto, Anggara Wisesa — Tue, 31 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0700

The growing concern over student debt highlights its impact on both individual students and the broader economy. Investigating debt attitudes offers insights into an individual’s predisposition to incur debt, influencing debt levels, repayment discipline, and potential behavior modifications through education. This study employed a thematic analysis conducted using systematically selected literature from global databases to understand factors aligned with various debt attitude spectrums. Four global themes were identified: (I) Personal factors, (II) Social factors, and (III) Behavioral Factors as factors correlated with anti- and pro- debt attitudes and behavior. This research presents a global framework for understanding debt attitudes across diverse factors, which is adaptable to specific cultural contexts. Student debt is a complex issue. To fully understand it, we need to examine a broad range of factors, encompassing not only personal and behavioral aspects but also social perspectives. In addition, certain factors may hold greater significance depending on the context. Practical recommendations are offered for educators and policymakers as considerations for addressing debt.

Building Readiness to Change in Organization through the Role of Affective Commitment and Personal Characteristics

Suharmanto Suharmanto, Iwan Hermawan; Inayah Inayah; Asti Khoerunisa — Tue, 08 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Human Capital as an intangible asset is the key to building Readiness for Change (RTC), which is rooted in Self-Efficacy (SE) and Job Satisfaction (JS), which in several previous studies were not significant. Human capital refers to the role of Individuals as important agents in organizations based on the existence of Personal Characteristics (PC) that facilitate the achievement of SE and JS to improve RTC. The purpose of the study is to offer Affective Commitment (AC) as mediating variable in the nexus between SE and JS. This study uses a quantitative approach with 124 school principals in Indonesia, employing Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to examine Affective Commitment (AC) in bridging the gap between SE and JS on RTC. The results of empirical testing using SEM instruments processed with AMOS software show that AC can fully mediate JS (B= 0.614) on the RTC. However, AC utilizes only part of SE (B= 0.390) in the RTC. This finding confirms that the best path to building an RTC through PC strengthening is through JS and AC. The principal, in their capacity as an organizational leader, holds a pivotal role in cultivating an environment conducive to fostering self-efficacy (SE) and establishing a cohesive, innovative atmosphere that emphasizes the influence of personal character on job satisfaction. Moreover, it is imperative for the principal to advocate for continuous enhancement of knowledge and expertise through structured training, autonomous learning, and collaborative knowledge-sharing practices. This finding contributes to the body of knowledge in the perspective of commitment from Human Capital.

Assessment of Indonesia’s Mineral Value-Added Policy: A Literature Review and Future Research Agenda

Wed, 23 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0700

This study addresses a gap in Indonesia’s mineral-downstream policy research by identifying the optimal policy scenario for enhancing the added value of primary metal mineral commodities. This research examines competitive and comparative advantages and economic impacts using system dynamics modeling. Initially, qualitative interviews are conducted to identify elements affecting domestic refining facilities’ growth, followed by quantitative surveys and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to prioritize factors fostering these advantages. Findings suggest that developing existing theories to fit Indonesia’s specific context is crucial, and focus group discussions with key mining company decision makers are recommended to develop relevant indices. This method evaluates policy options to determine those offering the most significant economic advantage for each mineral type by analyzing unique characteristics and mapping them to suitable policies. Integrating competitive and comparative advantages into the mineral-added value policy context maximizes economic returns and provides practical recommendations for policymakers, addressing a critical gap in the literature.

Evaluating ASEAN's Willing to Protect Migrant Workers: The Need for Reform

Tue, 31 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0700

The ten Member States of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), as one of the economically influential regional organizations globally, are growing significantly in intraregional migration. Intraregional migration follows migrant workers across the country. This paper discusses the current state of migrant worker protection, especially in the context of the developments, challenges, and prospects among ASEAN countries. This paper aims to critically examine why ASEAN is seemingly hard to protect its migrant workers during its importance in the region’s economic development. This paper will first show the fundamental and pragmatic factors to the significance yet inadequate protection of migrant workers. Having analyzed the factors, the authors will argue about the ineffective principle of ‘The ASEAN Way’ in ensuring migrant workers’ protection by demonstrating ASEAN member countries’ response to migrant workers’ rights. In conclusion, this paper proposes institutional reform for ASEAN and provides further research on the issue. The protection of migrant workers is a key feature of the region’s labor market. It is expected that each country will have a better regulation to implement a fair labor migration system for the interests of governments, employers, and migrant workers.

Leadership Dynamics for Sustainable Entrepreneurship: Driving Innovation in Business Models

Bayuningrat Bayuningrat, Aghnia Nadhira Aliya Putri, Fadrian Dwiki Maulanda — Tue, 31 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0700

The integration of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) principles has become increasingly critical for sustainable business practices, particularly in emerging markets like Indonesia. This study examined how leadership dynamics influenced the implementation of ESG practices among Indonesian business leaders by analyzing their motivations, challenges, and outcomes in fostering environmental stewardship, driving innovation, and aligning business operations with broader societal goals across various industries. The research employed a qualitative approach, utilizing focus group discussions (FGDs) with leaders from nine prominent companies spanning sectors such as environmental technology, manufacturing, retail, and agribusiness. Data collection included both primary data from FGDs and secondary data from company reports and industry analyses. A three-stage data analysis process was conducted: (1) a thematic analysis to identify leadership approaches and ESG strategies; (2) a comparative analysis to assess sector-specific challenges and solutions; and (3) data triangulation to validate findings across multiple sources. The findings highlight the critical role of transformational, strategic, and eco-leadership styles in driving ESG adoption. Despite industry-specific challenges, shared themes emerged regarding environmental stewardship, social responsibility, and ethical governance. The results underscore the strategic advantages and societal benefits of ESG integration, demonstrating that effective leadership is essential for achieving sustainable business growth and long-term success in Indonesia’s emerging market context.

Child-Friendly School Environment in the Perspective of Constructivism Theory: An Exploration of Human Resources in Education

Tue, 31 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Child-friendly school education is education with a pleasant learning atmosphere and supports teachers’ ability to implement active, collaborative, and democratic learning in the context of edutainment. Child-friendly school education programs are considered capable of strengthening the character of children to become individuals with noble character. In 2020, Indonesia had 36,766 child-friendly schools spread across the country. However, the current implementation of child-friendly schools is still not optimal considering the many phenomena of bullying problems that are increasingly rampant. This is in line with the data that in Indonesia there were 12,285 children experiencing violence, and the data continued to increase in 2020 to 12,425 and 2022 as many as 15,972 children. This quantitative study included 138 teacher respondents. The obtained data were analyzed using a structural equation model with SmartPLS software. This research builds a model that involves the Variables Of Technology Knowledge And Teaching Aids as endogenous variables with Educational Competence as a mediating variable to improve Child-Friendly School Performance. The results revealed that the model built fit is proven that Educational Competence can leverage Teaching Aids and Technology Knowledge on Child-Friendly School Performance with the best path being Teaching Aids->Educational Competence-> Child-Friendly School Performance, with a total effect of 0.239198. This research contributes to the body of knowledge of Constructivism Theory.

The Determinants of CCMA Effectiveness as Perceived by Employees in a Selected South African Municipality

Nosiphokazi Heroine Sigauke, Ronald Machingambi, Christiana Kappo-Abidemi — Tue, 31 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0700

The CCMA was established to implement the required fundamental changes in South African labor relations. The Labor Relations Act 66 of 1995 sets CCMA's expectations regarding dispute resolutions and collective bargaining. The South African CCMA is considered the largest labor dispute agency in the world in terms of referrals, with 3,632,085 cases since its inception. This study focused on public service employees’ perceptions of the effectiveness of CCMA based on participants’ demographic information. The study adopted a quantitative approach using a self-developed Likert scale questionnaire for data collection. The population consisted of Mbombela municipality employees, and the purposive non-probability sampling method was used to select study participants who consulted the CCMA before being eligible to participate. Limited studies conducted in South Africa have explored employees’ perceptions of CCMA activities. Hence, this study aims to contribute to the existing knowledge of South African labor dispute resolution mechanisms and employees’ perceptions of the largest labor dispute resolution in the continent. The questionnaire included 24 items, and factor analysis was used to identify related items. Linear regression is used to analyze public service employees’ perceptions of the effectiveness of the CCMA based on the identified components using participants’ demographic information. The results show no significant differences in the perceptions of the CCMA's effectiveness based on the gender and educational qualifications of the participants. Significant differences exist across the ages and years of working experience. The CCMA mandates should be reviewed in line with the new challenges that are encountered in the workplace. The stakeholders are encouraged to make adequate provisions so that the Commission can conduct its mandate to satisfy its clients.