People and Behavior Analysis

The Lived Experiences of Male Early Childhood Educators: Insights from Qualitative Interviews

Maria Fatima Perales-Dolendo — 2025-09-30

Male educators in early childhood education represent a small but vital demographic. However, their experiences and challenges have mainly been underexplored due to persistent gender stereotypes and the historically female-dominated nature of the field. This study aimed to address this gap by exploring the lived experiences of male early childhood educators, shedding light on their professional challenges, contributions, and perspectives. Employing a phenomenological research design, the study utilized Colaizzi’s method to analyze data from in-depth semi-structured interviews with ten (10) purposefully selected male educators, each with a minimum of two years of teaching experience. The findings revealed three primary themes. First, male educators demonstrated their resilience and adaptability by using a variety of coping mechanisms to navigate professional and societal challenges, including gender biases and parental skepticism. Second, despite these challenges, they conveyed a deep sense of professional fulfillment from their work, emphasizing their passion for fostering young children’s holistic development and their commitment to reshaping perceptions of male educators in early childhood settings. Lastly, the results highlighted the increasing interest in male educators as essential father-like figures and positive male role models, reinforcing the need for greater gender inclusivity in early childhood education. The results showed that male educators are as capable of providing excellent learning opportunities and experiences as their female counterparts. Their distinct viewpoints and methods helped create a more varied and stimulating learning environment. This study challenges traditional gender norms and advocates for a more inclusive and equitable early childhood education workforce.

Perceived Level of Job Satisfaction and its Relation to Employee Retention: The Case of a Philippine Government Agency

Donna M Errua — 2025-09-30

Job satisfaction is a key area of interest for competitive organizations, as it significantly influences the retention of skilled and committed employees. This study aimed to investigate the level of job satisfaction among employees, employee retention rates, and the relationship between job satisfaction and employee retention. Additionally, it sought to identify programs and benefits that could enhance job satisfaction and retention rates. This descriptive-correlation research used a researcher-structured questionnaire distributed to 70 full-time employees of the subject government agency in the Philippines. Statistical tests, including frequency, percentage, weighted mean, and Spearman's rank correlation test were employed in the data analysis. Findings revealed that employees are satisfied with their jobs, especially when it comes to compensation, job content, promotion, supervision, and relationships with colleagues. Additionally, the study emphasized that employees are more likely to remain in the organization. Moreover, the study concluded that the level of job satisfaction exhibits a positive and strong correlation with employee retention. The study also revealed that healthcare benefits are considered a major contributor to employees’ retention among the programs and benefits that an organization can provide. Finally, this study can serve as a model for other government agencies to enhance job satisfaction and productivity among employees, thereby contributing to long-term employee retention, that benefits both employees and the organization.

Management System Adoption: Its Effect on Employee Satisfaction and Productivity in a Local Drugstore in the Philippines

Czedrick Faller — 2025-09-30

The effective implementation of a relevant structured management system is considered beneficial to organizations across various industry sectors, promotingpositive institutional and employee outcomes. This study examined the impact of implementing a management system on employee satisfaction and productivity in a local drugstore in the Philippines. Data were gathered from 197 employees using a researcher-structured questionnaire. They employed a descriptive-correlational quantitative research design with frequency and percentage distribution, weighted mean, and t-test as tools used in data analysis. Findings showed that prior to adopting the management system, employee satisfaction with job content and clarity, role clarity, and compensation and benefits were considered acceptable; however, employees expressed dissatisfaction with their career growth and development. After implementation, satisfaction levels increased significantly increased across all dimensions. Productivity also improved, particularly in quality of work, teamwork, and feedback mechanisms, although time management and absenteeism still presented minor areas for improvement. Statistical analysis confirmed significant gains in satisfaction across all dimensions following adoption. From a managerial perspective, the study underscored the importance of structured management systems in fostering organizational effectiveness. Theoretically, it contributed to the discourse on the importance of structured frameworks in the Philippine business setting. However, the single-industry focus limits the generalizability of the findings, and future research should consider diverse sectors and longitudinal designs to assess long-term effects.

Soft Skills of the Third-Year Bachelor of Arts in English Students of Northern Negros State College of Science and Technology

Reynaldo Talita Jr. — 2025-09-30

This study assessed the level of soft skills among third-year AB-English students at Northern Negros State College of Science and Technology during the academic year 2017–2018, to examine their behavioral and developmental implications. Utilizing a descriptive quantitative research design, data were collected through a validated researcher-made questionnaire focusing on eight core soft skills: creativity, time management, conflict management, flexibility, etiquette and good manners, sociability, communication skills, and leadership. Results indicated that the respondents generally possessed high levels of soft skills (grand mean = 4.18), with particularly high ratings in conflict management and etiquette and good manners. No significant differences were found across age and sex, suggesting that these demographic factors did not influence skill levels in this population. From a behavioral perspective, the findings highlight strengths in social interaction and self-management while revealing areas for targeted improvement, such as creativity and flexibility. These insights contribute to behavior-oriented educational strategies by informing curriculum developers and educators on how to design interventions that reinforce essential 21st-century competencies. The results serve as a foundation for an intervention program aimed at enhancing specific soft skills to support students’ academic and professional readiness.

An Assessment of Leadership Styles and Emotional Intelligence Among Supervisors in Car Dealership: A Rank-and-File Employee Perspective

Angell Duque — 2025-09-30

Leadership plays an important role in shaping the dynamics in the workplace, including stakeholder performance and the overall success of the organization. Effective leadership alongside emotional intelligence can impact the productivity and motivation of an employee. This study assessed the different leadership styles – transactional, transformational, and charismatic and their relationship to emotional intelligence (awareness, empathy, social skills, and motivation). A total of 388 rank-and-file sales personnel in the automotive industry in the National Capital Region in Metro Manila, Philippines participated the survey. Quantitative research using simple random sampling was employed in the study. A self-made survey questionnaire was administered with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.87. The results revealed that the leadership styles and emotional intelligence were extensively exhibited by their immediate supervisor based on the assessment of the respondents. Furthermore, using regression analysis, data revealed that there is a significant relationship between empathy, social skills and motivation when transactional, transformational and charismatic types of leadership were considered. Awareness of the contrary resulted in a significant relationship with transformational and charismatic types of leadership, but not with to transactional types of leadership. This study makes a significant contribution to the understanding of how emotional intelligence influences leadership effectiveness in sales-driven industries. The results underscore the importance of incorporating emotional intelligence training into leadership development programs to foster stronger supervisor-employee relationships and enhance overall organizational performance.

The Effect of Emotional Intelligence on The Delinquency Behavior of Broken Home Adolescents

Sintha Pitaloka — 2025-09-30

Adolescents raised in disharmonious family environments often experience emotional dysregulation, increasing their vulnerability to delinquent behaviors such as minor crimes, rule violations, and social aggression. This study investigates the predictive role of emotional intelligence in mitigating delinquency among adolescents from broken-home families. Utilizing a culturally adapted questionnaire based on Goleman’s emotional intelligence framework and Hawkins' delinquency model, data were collected from 130 participants aged 12–21 years. The findings indicate that emotional intelligence significantly contributes to reducing delinquent behavior, accounting for 33.1% of the variance in this context. The study theoretically underscores the role of emotional regulation as a protective factor in developmental psychology. In practical terms, this study offers empirical evidence to support school- and family-based interventions aimed at strengthening adolescents’ emotional skills.