Analyzing Factors Influencing Commuter Behavior in Jabodetabek through Factor Analysis

Abstract

Public transportation is vital for addressing urban mobility challenges and reducing traffic congestion. To improve public transportation systems and encourage usage, understanding commuter behavior, attitudes, and preferences is crucial. This research aims to identify commuter segments based on demography, attitude, and behavior, and determine their future intentions towards public transportation. Data was collected from 257 respondents residing in the Greater Jakarta area, encompassing Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, and Bekasi, through an online survey. Segmentation was achieved using factor analysis and cluster analysis. The analysis identified three distinct commuter segments with varying behavior, attitude, and perception towards public transportation. The first group, Affluent Men, preferred private vehicles but expressed environmental concern and openness to adopting new technology. They showed eagerness to utilize high-quality public transportation services like the MRT. The second group, Millennial "Rokers," primarily relied on public transportation, seeking convenience, shorter travel durations, and reduced risk. The final group, "Easy Going and Active Women," had no specific preference for public or private transportation as long as they could reach their destinations quickly. However, they had significant health concerns, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Surprisingly, all three segments demonstrated similar future intentions towards public transportation usage post-pandemic, posing governance challenges in promoting public transportation and integrating transport systems in Jabodetabek. This paper contributes by integrating behavior, demography, and attitudes to build the segmentation, examining their reactions to the pandemic and intentions towards public transportation. The findings have implications for policymakers and practitioners, requiring tailored policies and interventions for different segments.