Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): December Volume

This issue has been available online since 31st December 2025 for the regular issue of December 2025. All articles in this issue (5 original research articles) were authored/co-authored by 25 authors from from 8 institutions from 2 countries (Indonesia and Philippines), i.e., Universitas Teknologi Muhammadiyah Jakarta (Indonesia), Lakidende University, Unaaha (Indonesia), Politeknik Indotec Kendari (Indonesia), Halu Oleo University (Indonesia), Semarang State Polytechnic (Indonesia), First Asia Institute of Technology and Humanities (Philippines), Manuel S. Enverga University Foundation (Philippines), and Kapalong College of Agriculture, Sciences and Technology (Philippines).

DOI: https://doi.org/10.31098/issues.v5i2
Published: 2025-12-31

Research Paper