The Making of a Creative City as a Viable Service System

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31098/ijmesh.v8i2.3444

Keywords:

Bandung , creative city, creative science

Abstract

The concept of a creative city has been influential for decades, yet its definition remains elusive, hindering the development of effective strategies for urban revitalization. This study addresses this challenge by reframing the creative city as a complex service system. This perspective emphasizes the intricate interplay between diverse actors, resources, and processes that contribute to the city's cultural and economic vibrancy. Focusing on Bandung, Indonesia, the research utilizes a cultural mode of production model to assess the city's cultural assets. This framework considers the interconnectedness of cultural production, consumption, and distribution, recognizing the crucial role of both formal and informal networks. Employing a mixed-methods approach that combines in-depth interviews with netnography analysis, the study aims to develop a nuanced understanding of Bandung's creative ecosystem, propose a framework for assessing the "culture" variable, and identify key actors and their roles within the service system. Apart from that, this research contributes to the existing literature by providing a more robust and nuanced understanding of the creative city concept, offering a valuable framework for practitioners and policymakers seeking to foster sustainable urban development. Consequently, this study of Bandung empirically developed a framework for assessing the city's cultural assets by mapping the links between cultural production, consumption, and distribution and identifying key actors within both formal and informal networks. This framework offers a valuable tool for policymakers and practitioners.

References

Bandung, D. K. dan P. K. (2024). Identifikasi Potensi Bandung Creative Belt 2023. Retrieved January 31, 2024, from https://patrakomala.disbudpar.bandung.go.id/en/publications/identifikasi-potensi-bandung-creative-belt-2023

Breidbach, C., Antons, D., & Salge, O. (2016). Seamless service? On the role and impact of service orchestrators in human-centered service systems. Journal of Service Research, 19(4), 458–476. https://doi.org/10.1177/1094670516666370

Edvardsson, B., Skålén, P., & Tronvoll, B. (2013). Service systems as a foundation for resource integration and value co-creation. In S. L. Vargo & R. F. Lusch (Eds.), Review of Marketing Research (Vol. 9, pp. 79–126). Emerald Group Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1108/S1548-6435(2012)0000009008

Florida, R. (2003). The rise of the creative class: And how it's transforming work, leisure, community and everyday life. Canadian Public Policy / Analyse de Politiques, 29(Special Supplement), S121–S122. https://doi.org/10.2307/3552294

Grodach, C. (2017). Urban cultural policy and creative city making. Cities, 68, 82–91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2017.05.015

La Rocca, A., Perna, A., Snehota, I., & Ciabuschi, F. (2019). The role of supplier relationships in the development of new business ventures. Industrial Marketing Management, 80, 149–159. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2017.12.008

Landry, C. (2006). The art of city making (1st ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781849772877

Landry, C. (2008). The creative city: A toolkit for urban innovators (2nd ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781849772945

Leino, H., & Puumala, E. (2020). What can co-creation do for the citizens? Applying co-creation for the promotion of participation in cities. Environment and Planning C: Politics and Space, 39(4), 781–799. https://doi.org/10.1177/2399654420957337

Leydesdorff, L. (1995). The triple helix: University–industry–government relations: A laboratory for knowledge-based economic development. Glycoconjugate Journal, 14(1), 14–9.

Maglio, P. P., & Spohrer, J. (2008). Fundamentals of service science. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 36(1), 18–20. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-007-0058-9

Marques, L., & Borba, C. (2017). Co-creating the city: Digital technology and creative tourism. Tourism Management Perspectives, 24, 86–93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2017.07.007

Official website of Patrakomala (2022), Department of Culture and Tourism of Bandung. Retrieve January 9 from https://patrakomala.disbudpar.bandung.go.id/id

O’Connor, J., & Shaw, K. (2014). What next for the creative city? City, Culture and Society, 5(3), 165–170. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccs.2014.05.010

Rowntree, J., Neal, L., & Fenton, R. (2011). International Cultural Leadership: Reflections, Competencies and Interviews. London.

Sasaki, M. (2010). Urban regeneration through cultural creativity and social inclusion: Rethinking creative city theory through a Japanese case study. Cities, 27(Supplement 1), S3–S9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2010.03.002

Satari, T. F. C., Larasati, D., Simanjuntak, V. B., & Abidin, M. A. N. K. (2022). The Sixth Helix. In T. Sonobe, N. J. A. Buchoud, J. T. G. Tiong, S. Baek, N. S. Hendriyetty, & E. P. Sioson (Eds.), CREATIVE ECONOMY 2030: Imagining and Delivering a Robust, Creative, Inclusive, and Sustainable Recovery (pp. 195–206). Tokyo: Asian Development Bank Institute.

Scott, A. J. (2014). Beyond the creative city: Cognitive–cultural capitalism and the new urbanism. Regional Studies, 48(4), 565–578. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2014.891010

Smith, R., & Warfield, K. (2007). The creative city: A matter of values. In P. Cooke & L. Lazzeretti (Eds.), Creative Cities, Cultural Clusters and Local Economic Development (pp. 287–312). https://doi.org/10.4337/9781847209948

Tayyiba, M., Sungkari, H., & Mintarga, P. (2017). The creative city white book: The ecosystem that creates. Indonesian Creative Community Network.

The British Council. (2008). British Council Annual Report 2007-08. London.

UNCTAD & UNDP. (2010). Creative economy report 2010: Creative economy: A feasible development option. United Nations. http://unctad.org/en/Docs/ditctab20103_en.pdf

UNESCO. (2006). Understanding Creative Industries. Cultural statistics for public policymaking.

UCCN. (2018). Creative Cities Network. Retrieved March 12, 2018, from https://www.unesco.org/en/creative-cities

Vanolo, A. (2008). The image of the creative city: Some reflections on urban branding in Turin. Cities, 25(6), 370–382. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2008.08.001

Vanolo, A. (2015). The image of the creative city, eight years later: Turin, urban branding and the economic crisis taboo. Cities, 46, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2015.04.004

Vargo, S. L., & Lusch, R. F. (2004). Evolving to a new dominant logic for marketing. Journal of Marketing, 68(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1509/jmkg.68.1.1.24036

Vargo, S. L., & Lusch, R. F. (2017). Service-dominant logic 2025. International Journal of Research in Marketing, 34(1), 46–67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijresmar.2016.11.001

Whiting, S., Barnett, T., & O’Connor, J. (2022). ‘Creative city’ R.I.P.? M/C Journal, 25(3). https://doi.org/10.5204/mcj.2901

Zolnowski, A., & Warg, M. (2018). Conceptualizing resource orchestration: The role of service platforms in facilitating service systems. In Proceedings of the 51st Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS). https://doi.org/10.24251/HICSS.2018.131

Downloads

Published

June 30, 2025

Citation Check

How to Cite

Maryunani, S., Simatupang, T., Mirzanti , I., & Windasari, N. A. (2025). The Making of a Creative City as a Viable Service System. International Journal of Management, Entrepreneurship, Social Science and Humanities, 8(2), 270–288. https://doi.org/10.31098/ijmesh.v8i2.3444

Issue

Section

Research Articles

Article Index